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Rabu, 30 Mei 2012

Learn Grammar through Picture

Teaching grammar for beginner is not quite easy, but it is not difficult to teach. Young learners have their own way to accept a new knowledge, and they will  accept all of it by happiness. Teacher need to find good method and good media to teach grammar, and one of the effective media is picture. By using picture, teacher can teach grammar and vocabulary in the same time. Young learners will enjoy with the lesson because it will be attractive and more colorful. 

#  Teaching Grammar
          Teacher must ask students to do, to practice what has learnt, it is more interested and learners will understand the material when they know the process and practice the process. Teacher can use simple example when teaching, such as about the family, hobby, etc. Letting them to imagine, and describe appropriated with the material that has given. It is not easy, but it will enjoy when all members of the class feel comfort and interested with the material. That is the success process.
 # Teaching through pictures
Teaching through pictures will make teaching and learning more communicative and meaningful. Through pictures, children can imagine and then describe the material. Pictures show the meaning clearly, and it can make interesting because learners ask to imagine the material through the pictures. Pictures as teaching media can be used to teach grammar and vocabulary. Teaching grammar for young learners is only a simple grammar. Teacher does not forget that teaching material for young learners is thematic. It means that the material is more specific and teacher may not teach another material out of the theme.

GLOSSARY:

# GRAMMAR          : TATA BAHASA
# HAPPINESS          : KEBAHAGIAAN
# COLORFUL          : BERWARNA
# APPROPIATE        : SESUAI
# COMFORT           : NYAMAN


SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE- WILL
Simple future – will for future activity of promise. The structure of simple future tense – will is as follows:


SUBJECT
AUXILIARY VERB”WILL”
VERB 1
OBJECT

+
+
I
YOU
WILL
WILL
OPEN
FINISH
THE DOOR
THE TASK
TOMORROW
-
-
SHE
WE
WILL NOT
WILL NOT
GO TO
LEAVE
SCHOOL
JAKARTA
TOMORROW
?
?
WILL
WILL
YOU
THEY
ARRIVE
WANT
THERE
DINNER
TOMORROW?


CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER BASED ON THE PICTURE.

1. I ........ eat Nasi goreng.
    a. will 
    b. won't


2. will they drink juice?
   a. Yes, they will
   b. No, they will not

3. I ........... cheat in exam
  a. will
  b. won't






15 ways to personalize your young learner classes

 1. The Make Me Say Yes game


In this game, students ask the teacher Yes/ No questions and only get a point if the teacher’s (true) answer is “Yes”. Possible language points with low level and young classes include can (“Can you swim?”), have (“Do you have a pet?”, “Do you have a pen in your bag?”), to be (“Are you British?”, “Are you 37?”), and like (“Do you like pizza?”).

2. Likes/ wants
“Do you like…?” is one of the questions from the Make Me Say Yes game that can be extended into almost any language point, e.g. getting students to respond to things on each flashcard you reveal such as colours (“It’s pink. Do you like pink?” “No!” “No? Do girls like pink?”), food, animals, sports, school subjects, and household jobs and other daily routines. You can also use this language or the more suitable “Do you want..?”

3. Have
“Do you have…?”/ “Have you got…?” is another piece of grammar you can use to personalize lots of other language points even before you have formally introduced it, e.g. with family members (“Do you have four sisters?”), clothes (“Do you have black socks?”), and toys.

4. Can
The third and final (?) grammar point you can use to personalize lots of other language points is “can”, e.g. with sports (“Can you swim?”) or body parts (“Can you your nose with your toe?”).

5. Puppets
Students are likely to be less shy about asking a puppet personal questions than they are about asking a teacher.

6. Storybooks with personal questions
Another way to use fantasy and fiction to lead to talking about their own reality is to use storybooks where there is information about the characters that answers the kinds of personal questions you are practising, such as names and ages. The students can then ask the questions to or about the storybook character (e.g. “What’s your/ his name?” “My/ his name is Spot the Dog”).

7. Make false statements
Saying “Your name is Blblblblblblbl” or “You are 1 year old/ zero” to students is good for a laugh, makes them listen to everything you say from then on in case it is also false, gives them a feeling of power and the ability to speak out in the classroom (they can correct the teacher!), and is a good way of eliciting the answers to questions like “How old are you?” and “What is your name?”

8. Remember each other
After they have got used to correcting you on their own personal details, you can get the whole class to correct you on what you say about the one student you pick on, e.g. “His pet is a spider” “No! His pet is a cat!”. This can then be then be extended to students remembering or guessing the answers to questions about other students, e.g. “What is his favourite colour?” They can then test each other, e.g. “What’s my favourite food?”

9. Profile pages
A great way of showing students that you are really listening to what they say is to let them see you writing it down. This can be something as simple as changing what you have written down when they tell you “I am 5 instead of “I am 4 for the first time.

10. Celebrate birthdays
Ways of adding a language point to this include drawing them pictures of presents they would like, counting and correcting the number of candles on a picture of a birthday cake, and singing the Happy Birthday song.

11. Projects, photos and drawings
Arts and crafts work should be a standard part of any pre-school syllabus, but you can add to its language content and how much it helps students remember the language by making sure they put as much personal content into it as possible. For example, make sure they are actually drawing something that looks like their own family by asking “(Does your) father (really have a) beard?” (maybe with mimes), “Wow, your brother’s nose is BIG!” or “How long is your mother’s hair? (To her) ears? Shoulders?”

12. Comment on what is different today
Small children have a cute but English-free habit of stopping the whole class to show their teacher the cut on their finger or the pink socks that they didn’t have in the last lesson.

13. Please Mr Crocodile
In this traditional English playground game, students stand against the back wall and chant together “Please Mr Crocodile, may we cross the water?” and the crocodile (teacher or good student) says “Only if you are wearing a skirt/ are three years old/ have the letter Y in your name” etc.

14. A regular personal questions stage
The fact that young children learn languages quickly is well known (especially by ambitious parents), but the fact that they forget quicker than the rest of us too is often ignored.

15. Talk about their other teachers
Once you have run out of things to say about yourself and all the students in the class, a few questions and answers about their other teachers is a great way of getting their interest, using English for real communication (telling them something they didn’t know such as their Maths teacher’s favourite food) and of making them remember what they learnt when they are outside English class.

GLOSSARY
GAME                             : PERMAINAN
PUPPETS                       : BONEKA
FALSE STATEMENT     : PERNYATAAN PALSU
RUN                               : BERLARI
INTEREST                     : MENARIK

Answer the correct answer based on the text

·       =   Mention 15 ways in personalizing young learner!
·       =   What is the meaning of 6. Storybooks with personal questions?
·       =   What does puppet mean?
·       =   Why the way”talk about their other teacher” is important?


Child Love Story-Telling

               The main point of this article is to suggest some ideas for the EFL teacher.  Being one of the  most important language skills, reading needs motivation.  Adult learners of English are usually strongly motivated, but this can’t be said for young children.  They like interesting stories, but reading in a foreign language is quite another kettle of fish. They should know not only the vocabulary, but the structures as well.  A lot of exercises may be suggested for developing reading skills in English, but not all of them can make the children read the text just because they are interested in the process itself. 
              This article presents the story "Is This the House of Mistress Mouse?" by Richard Scarry. This story addresses young children and is perfect for teaching them English.  The text has been “programmed” so that children can read and complete the tasks with enjoyment.  They just have to read and follow the instructions.  The passages of the text have been jumbled up and supplemented with tasks, like 'Answer the questions', 'Choose the correct variant' etc. Once the children have completed the task, they are given further instructions (‘Go to 5 or 7, etc.). Thus, step by step, the children read the text and do the exercises, which help them to understand the text.
                The teacher must do all the preliminary exercises with the children before they start reading the text. He/She must be sure that the students know all the words in the story or can guess their meanings from the context.The text is addressed to young children who can read.  It may be also used with beginners of any age because the process of reading is interesting and it is a pleasure when you understand what you are reading.  
Source :http://www3.telus.net/linguisticsissues/younglearnersread.html
Read the text carefully
 My ideal classroom is not entirely, but almost based on fun. My main objective is to have kids come into my class room and feeling that Ms. English’s classroom is a whole lot of fun. Not only do I want my classroom to be fun, but I also want it to be a special place for all of my children. My ideal classroom would have all of the services for all of my children to learn, grow, and thrive. At the same time, I want my classroom to be simple and not too busy. I feel a busy classroom tends to make children feel overwhelmed and more easily distracted.
        As far as seating arrangements go I would have to be with my class for at least a full week to figure out the configurations of the classroom. I would most likely situate the children in a group format so that they can socialize and interact with each other. I would form this group configuration based on my observations on who works well together and where the distractions originate from etc. My desk would be situated where I could see all of my students. If I were to get a Kindergarten classroom I would probably situate the seats in a group setting or large tables. If I had a third grade classroom    I would definitely have a big group meeting mat where everyone can gather around during class meetings. I would also make sure to have comfortable chairs and a big couch for children to grab books and read. I want my students to have a comfortable place where they can read and relax. This furniture would be situated right next to my library area.


Glossary
Ideal             : ideal
Fun               : menyenangkan
Busy              : sibuk
Tends             : cenderung
Overhelmed    : kewalahan
Distracted       : terganggu
Library           : perpustakaan

$ Choose the correct answer
1.    . English’s classroom is.......
a.     Safe
b.     Fun
c.      Clean
2.   I want my classroom to be......
a.     Full of pictures
b.     Many people
c.      Simple and not too busy
3.    I would have to be with my class for at least.....
a.     Full week
b.     A month
c.      Every day

Young Learner with a lot of Speech


Young learners in the communicative classroom should get as many speaking opportunities as possible and their speaking time should slowly but steadily rise so as to prepare them for various communicative situations. Keeping in mind that each classroom offers a wide range of learners differing in their abilities, knowledge, confidence, motivation and learning styles, a teacher should provide them with a proper environment that would help them develop their skills, independent of their basic characteristics and diversity.

Combining the approaches, varying the cognitive styles, mixing and matching various methods and tools – e.g. songs, games, chants, rhymes, dialogues, etc. – provide the students with maximum variety and (in turn) offers them plenty of opportunities to play an active part in communicative situations, ranging from simple imitation to conscious exchange and internalization of certain vocabulary items / pronunciation styles / grammatical points / communicative techniques, at the same time building strategies that will help them later on when their knowledge of English has advanced and moved to a higher level.


Glossary
opportunities : kesempatan
diversity           : keragaman
confidence     : percaya diri
imitation         : peniruan
knowledge     : ilmu pengetahuan

Read this conversation .Answer the blank words correctly 



Carles          : Hello, my name is Carles . Nice to meet you
Janet          : Hi, I’m....... Nice to meet you to
Carles          : Where do you live?
Janet          : I live at jln kartini, Tangerang
Carles          : Okay Janet. I have to go now
Janet          : Okay. See you later
Carles          : .............. too.



3 Tips for Encouraging Verbal Communication in Young Learners

Here are a few simple ways: 

1.        Talk, talk, and talk to children.  Engage them in meaningful conversation, and help them “use their words” to interact with other children.  Help build their vocabulary by using words they may not recognize.  Adding unfamiliar words to conversations can pique a child’s interest in learning additional words and discovering how to use them in conversation. 
2.       Read to young learners.  Regularly reading a variety of texts to children—stories, poems, factual books about animals and the natural world—can expose them to countless new words.  It is even more fun by taking turns.  If your child has started to read, one day you can read to him; the next day, he can read to you.  Pre-readers can “read” a picture book out loud.
3.       Teach your young students the joys of music!  Through learning new songs and singing, children can have fun while learning new vocabulary.  The rhythm of music provides cues that can help children pronounce multisyllabic words more easily, and because young children don’t have to worry about pronouncing every new word correctly when singing with others, they can build their confidence.
It’s never too early to help children appreciate the usefulness of language, the power of communicating effectively with others, and the joy of words.  Every word spoken and every word read is truly a gift to a young child.  
 Glossary
Talk        : berbicara                poems  : puisi
loud       : keras                       turn       : bergiliran 

Answer this picture below in english. Open here to help you answer these question below 

1. I-N-G-S  =..........................................


2. W-I=M-S =..............................


3.  D-R-E-A =..........................................

Designing a Story for Esl Preschool


 

There are many great pre-k activities for ESL classrooms, including games, but don’t discount the power of stories. Whether you're reading a classic book, making up a story as you go along or designing a story for a particular lesson, you can include stories in the preschool ESL class every day.


+  Motivation


One of the reasons why stories work so well in the ESL preschool classroom has to do with intrinsic motivation: the theory that people are motivated by internal factors. Young children do not understand the external factors that might motivate an adult to decide to learn a second language. So as a teacher it's up to you to create a classroom that internally motivates them to participate in the activities and, ultimately, learn the language you are teaching.
           
Stories are perfect for teaching young ESL students because children already love stories and are already motivated at the thought of listening to one. And when children listen to stories, they’re able to internalise the language structure.

 + Teach Vocabulary
Before you use a story in the ESL preschool classroom, you'll need to teach the students the key vocabulary needed to follow the story. The students will both "learn" the words, and immediately see how they are used. They will also hear them in context of the language. This is much more beneficial than simply memorizing a list of words.

+ Varying Classroom Activities   
             Telling a story adds variety to your lessons in terms of content and pace. Preschoolers don't have a terribly long attention span, so you'll want to change your activities every five to ten minutes. That's a great length of time to spend telling a story.  You'll also want some activities to burn all that preschool energy. To keep the class from getting out of control, use a story after a boisterous activity. This allows everyone enough time to settle down before moving onto somethingelse. And remember that you’re young students will enjoy you telling the same stories over and over again.

GLOSSARY
ESL                   : bahasa inggris sebagai bahasa kedua
Memorizing        : hafalan
Story                  : cerita
Preschool           : prasekolah
Telling                : menceritakan



Click this video to tell your story 
Tell this story loudly to your friends, use your own  gesture in front of class!


 
The Greatest Treasure By Amit Garg

One day, Peter found a treasure map. “Hurray, I’m gonna find this treasure and have some adventure he exclaimed. Peter set off. He walked a long way and finally reached a forest. There he meet a lion. “You are strong and courageous”, said Peter to Lion. “Will you come with me on a treasure hunt? Lion agreed and join Peter. The forest was dense and dark. Peter was afraid, but with with his side, he made it through.when the two finally reached the mountain, they met eagle. “You have excellent vision and can alert us to danger”, said Peter to  Eagele.”Will you come with us?:”We’re looking for a treasure, Eagle agreed, and join Peter and Lion. The mountains were tall and craggy . Lion slipped,but Peter was swift though to give him a hand and pull him up. Eagle with his sharp vision watch every step they took. Soon, they reached the valley below where they met sheep. “Will you join us in our search for a treasure?:, said Peter. Sheep agreed and joined Peter. Lion and Eagle a a cold wind step across the endless meadow. They all hundled against sheep, who kept them, warm and cozy. The four finally reached the desert, where they met Camel. You are  called the ship of desert”, said Peter to Camel. Will you help us to get across? And join the treasure hunt too?”, Camel agreed.Peter, Lion and Sheep mounted the camel and set off happily across the vast desert, with eagle enjoying the spectabele from above. Camel began balloping.and everybody cheered with excitement., crossing the desert on camel’back was thrilling.The five finally reached the ocean, where they met turtle.”can you help cross the ocean? “Peter asked to treasure, turtle agreed.the wave are rough and almost drawned the party but turtle skillfully transported them across. They met owl on other side. Owl spoke from ancient wisdom;”Congratulations, you have found the treasure.where is it?Together you have passed the forest,climb the mountains,dared the valley,braved the desert, and cross the ocean. You have nevr found it without  one another. They all looked each other, and realised ‘the owl was right”THEY HAVE FOUND FRIENDSHIP”Indeed, they have found the greatest treasure ever






Selasa, 29 Mei 2012

Young learner testing


Tests for people of any age can seem a threat or, at the very least, an obstacle that needs to be overcome. Testing children is even more fraught with sensitivities. A poor experience early on could influence on going attitudes to learning itself. But testing doesn't have to be the "bump" in the flow of classroom life.
-            - Testing what we teach
-           - Making tests relevant
-           - Task-based testing
-          -  Making tests motivating
-         -   Reducing test anxiety
Testing what we teach
Background research and work on developing the Cambridge ESOL Young Learners English (YLE) Tests has shown how tests can be a useful focus of classroom activity, help shape and support the work done by teachers, and provide a genuinely positive experience that helps smooth the way forward for learning.
If tests and other assessment procedures for younger learners are to be useful, then they should, for example:
·         Take account of children's and young people's cognitive and social development
·         Be consistent with good practice in primary and secondary school teaching;
·         Support language use with clear contexts and accessible tasks
·         Reward children for what they do know, not penalise them for what they don't
·         Be relevant and look interesting (by making use of colour, graphics, technology)
·         Report meaningful results in order to encourage further learning.
Making tests relevant
Children relate to the world quite differently from adults. The first language skills to develop are normally in speaking and listening, and that is where the emphasis in testing children should be. Topic areas should be chosen which are relevant to children's lives - such as school, food, sports and animals - and all language should be used in an everyday context, matching the way in which young learners process language.
Any writing activity in testing is probably best limited to the word / phrase (enabling skills) level since young children have generally not yet developed the imaginative and organisational skills needed to produce extended writing. Older children and young teenagers will still benefit from a focus on listening and speaking skills, but they will also need to develop their literacy skills in the second language, so a focus on reading, and to a lesser degree writing, will be important. But whether the focus is on spoken or written language, it is still the emphasis on meaning in context rather than on language form which is preferable at any age. This means designing assessment tasks which test the meaningful use of language in clear, relevant, accessible contexts.
Task-based testing
If a task- or project-based approach is already used for language learning in the classroom, then this can be relatively easily reflected in approaches to assessment.
The communicative task-based approach is especially valuable since young people are motivated by and tend to perform best on tasks which directly reflect their own experiences of teaching/learning. For younger children it could be a simple listening task matching pictures to what they hear; or a simple oral task which involves choosing a present for a friend's birthday from a number of different possibilities. For young teenagers it might be a writing task in which they write a short review of their favourite TV programme for a school newsletter.
Making tests motivating
If material is presented in a lively and attractive manner, consistent with the age and background of the test-takers, then they are more likely to engage positively with a test and to perform to their best. It also helps to use tasks which are 'active' or 'game-like', e.g. colouring activities. Computer-based tasks offer the appeal of games through various facilities such as: click and drag, highlight, scroll, rearrange, art-pallette. Computers  can also make the teaching and assessment of writing skills much more fun because learners can exploit word processing features, such as boxes, font size, pictures, etc, to enhance the presentational quality of their work. They may also be more motivated if their work is put on display.
Reducing test anxiety
If tasks are relatively brief and narrowly focused then test formats can include frequent changes of activity or task-type; this also has the advantage of giving learners multiple 'fresh starts' and avoids them becoming anxious or demotivated if a particular task doesn't seem to be going well. Test anxiety can also be reduced if children know clearly what is expected of them and can perceive a measure of fun in the activity. In the Cambridge YLE tests we wanted to create a low-anxiety situation, free from risk of confusion or fear of failure. Even the reporting of results can be designed as a positive experience to provide encouragement. The Cambridge YLE tests were designed so that no-one should 'fail', and everyone receives some credit for having taken part in the test.
Through continual improvement of testing for young learners, teachers are being given more support for their classroom work, and children given more confidence and enjoyment . In this way, testing can become the impetus rather than the brakes on learning.
Glossary
-           Task-based testing                              :  Pengujian berbasis tugas
-           Assessment task                                   : tugas penilaian
-           Impetus                                                  : dorongan
-           Task Instruction                                   : Instruksi tugas
-           Enjoyment                                              : kenyamanan
-           Reducing test anxiety                         : Tes yang mengurangi kecemasan
-           Computer based task                           : Tugas berbasisi komputer

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